Chapter 14 – Money.

Chapter 14, Money, hsc, english, maharashtra board, latest edition, full solution,

1.Discuss in the class about ‘Importance of money’.

1. Money is used as capital in business.
2. ______________________
3. ______________________
4. ______________________

SOLUTION

1. Money is used as capital in a business.
2. Money is needed to build savings for emergencies and for life after retirement
3. Money can be used to earn more money by earning interest on deposits or through lending.
4. Money is needed to buy necessities of day-to-day life.

2.Complete the web.

SOLUTION

3.Make a list of the good qualities of your friend.

1. _________________
2. _________________
3. _________________
4. _________________

SOLUTION

1. She is intelligent and street-smart.
2. She is helpful.
3. She is compassionate.
4. She is friendly by nature.

4.Share your views on ‘Money is the root of all evils.’

SOLUTION

Money seems to be the most coveted of all things in today’s world. We, humans, have eyed money since time immemorial, but the greed for obtaining more money has surely reached its culmination in present times. Crimes such as frauds, scams, embezzlements, and thefts have increased due to people’s insatiable greed. The pursuit of money has surpassed all social aspects of human life, wherein friends and relatives are ‘made’ and ‘unmade’ based solely on one’s bank balance, size of a car, or the prestige of residential address. Such a tendency of materialism has spoilt the social fabric that used to be based on human bonds. It has certainly become the root of all evils.

5.Do you lend money to your friend? Give reasons.

SOLUTION

Yes	No
A friend in need is a friend indeed.	If the friend fails to repay the money, the friendship can go sour.
My timely help will earn me his trust.	The friend might misuse my trust and misspend my money
If I help him now I can expect him to help me in my hour of need.	I might have a tough time convincing my parents to give me money to lend to my friend.

1.‘Money does not mean everything in life’. Discuss with your partner and justify the statement by giving examples. Take the help of the following points.

1. Money cannot give you eternal happiness. 
2. Art, music, and literature can give you unending happiness.
3. Money is short-lived.
4. Money cannot purchase happiness and contentment.

SOLUTION

The students can elaborate the given pointers in the following ways:

1. Money cannot give you eternal happiness
   The happiness that is derived from money will wear off sooner or later as the excitement provided by material possessions ceases after a point.
2. Art, music and literature can give you unending happiness
   Indulgence in fields of humanities can continually provide one with newer insights, while books can be one’s windows to different worlds enabling one to gather multiple perspectives from different genres. The sublime power of music has been proven time and again. The happiness derived from these indulgences last forever because the emotions experienced through them last forever. Art, music, and literature can have a life-changing impact on one’s life and can be a source of joy so great that everything else pales in comparison.
3. Money is short-lived
   Money is of fickle temperament, it can take one from rags to riches and riches to rags too, due to circumstances beyond one’s control. Thus, one may not always have access to all the comforts and luxuries that money can buy. At such a stage, one would be forced to look for comfort in other things in life like friendships, relationships, etc.
4. Money cannot purchase happiness and contentment
   With money, one can buy the most expensive things, but one cannot put a price on happiness. The feeling of joy and contentment comes from within. It cannot be purchased or sold. One can buy stuff that makes one happy, but that happiness will eventually wear off. The only way for one to be genuinely happy and content is to generate that happiness from within. A person who is content with self is content at all times.

2.Debate on the following topic in groups.

‘Money is the solution for everything.’

SOLUTION

The students can conduct a debate on the given topic with the help of the following points:

• For the topic – 

1. Everything from food to fuel can be purchased only with money.
2. It is most essential in one’s time of need – hospital bills, contingencies, etc
3. It can buy comforts and luxuries, thus helping one to lead a good life.
4. One can also make more money with the help of the money one already has by investing it smartly.
5. One can have a good standard of living – a big house, cars, club memberships, spa retreats, etc. When one has money.

• Against the topic –

1. Money cannot buy happiness and contentment.
2. Money won’t protect one against terminal illnesses.
3. The luxuries bought with money may not last and may bring with it problems of its own.
4. One’s greed for making more money can never be satiated, thus causing the person to never be at peace with himself/herself.
5. Money cannot protect one from natural disasters and epidemics.

State whether the following statement is True or False. Correct the False statement with the help of the poem.

1.The poet knew no joy till he was rich.

OPTIONS

• True
• False

2.The poet felt that he should talk about his poverty.

OPTIONS

• True
• False

3.When poet had money, he had many true friends.

OPTIONS

• True
• False

4.When poet became poor, he had a few real friends.

OPTIONS

• True
• False

Write the reason for the following statement.

1.Friends came knocking all day at the poet’s door.

SOLUTION

Friends came knocking all day at the poet’s door because the poet had money and they thought that they could benefit from being with a wealthy man.

2.Poor men’s wives hum like bees.

SOLUTION

Poor men’s wives ‘hum like bees’, meaning that they constantly talk, because despite the fact that their husbands work from morning till night, they are happy in their poverty.

1.Money makes the world go round. Explain it in the light of the poet’s experience.

SOLUTION

‘Money makes the world go round’ is aptly proved by the poet’s experience. When he had money, many false ‘friends’ would come knocking at his door. But when the poet became poor, his circle had only a few friends left, who were nevertheless true to him.

2.Poor men need not go up so much as rich men should come down. Express your views regarding this statement.

SOLUTION

The statement “poor men need not go up so much as rich men should come down” signifies that it is not required for the poor people to become rich because it is in poverty that they have found true happiness. However, it is important for rich men to become poor, only to realize the meaning of true happiness. More often than not, joy can be found only when one is poor because richness attracts all kinds of fake people who want to be around a person only to benefit from his/her wealth; whereas poverty attracts genuine people who stay with a person because they truly care about him/her and not about whether he/she is rich or poor.

Find out the meaning of the phrase given below and use them in your own sentence.

1.be in the money

SOLUTION

Meaning: to be wealthy or to win a lot of money

Sentence: My friend wants to be in the money by placing bets.

2.win lots of money

SOLUTION

Meaning: to earn money by a matter of chance

Sentence: People who gamble in casinos expect to win lots of money.

3.for my money

SOLUTION

Meaning: in my opinion

Sentence: For my money, Goa is the best Indian city where one can settle down.

4.money for old rope

SOLUTION

Meaning: money earned with little effort

Sentence: The taxi driver charged me `500 for a short ride, which was his money for old rope.

5.put one’s money where one’s mouth is

SOLUTION

Meaning: to support one’s belief by action and not just words

Sentence: He puts his money where his mouth is by regularly donating a part of his earnings to charity.

1.Complete the crossword with the help of the clues from the poem.

Across	Down
1. A brass musical instrument	5. Not imaginary
2. A low steady continuous sound	6. Ponder
3. False	7. Stinging insects
4. Say Something	8. In large number
	9. Strike a surface noisily

SOLUTION

1.Complete the following table.

Sr.No.	Figure of speech	Line of the poem	Explanation
1.	Inversion
2.	Simile
3.	Repetition
4.	Onomatopoeia
5.	Antithesis

SOLUTION

Sr. No.	Figure of speech	Line of the poem	Explanation
1.	Inversion	i. For many a false man as a friend Came knocking all day at my door	i. For many a false man came knocking at my door as a friend all-day
ii. Then felt I like a child that holds	ii. Then I felt like a child that holds
2.	Simile	i. For many a false man as a friend	i. A ‘false man’ is directly compared to a ‘friend’ with the use of the word ‘as’.
ii. And how their wives do hum like bees	ii. The ‘wives’ have been directly compared to ‘bees’ with the use of the word ‘like’.
3.	Repetition	When I had money, money, O!	The word ‘money’ has been repeated in line to highlight the importance of wealth.
4.	Onomatopoeia	And how their wives do hum like bees	The word ‘hum’ denotes the sound made by the wives as they constantly talk about their husbands working from morning till night.
5.	Antithesis	About their work from morn till night.	Two opposite words ‘morn’ and ‘night’ have been used in the same line to show that the poor men work all day long.

2.Identify the rhyme scheme of all the stanzas of the poem.

SOLUTION

Stanza 1 – a a ba

Stanza 2 – c a d a

Stanza 3 – e f g f

Stanza 4 – h i j i

Stanza 5 – a k ak

3.Compose a short poem on ‘Friendship’.

SOLUTION

Friendship

True friendship is something so pure,

That you can always be sure.

To all your problems there lies a cure,

But never can it be based on lure.

1.Write a poetic appreciation of the poem ‘Money’, with the help of the following points.

• About the poem/poet and the title
• The theme
• Poetic style
• The language/poetic devices used in the poem
• Special features
• Message, values, morals in the poem
• Your opinion about the poem.

SOLUTION

Appreciation of the poem ‘Money’

The poem ‘Money’ is written by William H. Davies. It is a reflective poem that deals with the poet’s status as both, a rich and a poor man. Based on his own narrative, the poet has depicted a connection between money and personal happiness. The theme of the poem is the inverse relationship between money and happiness since the poet had many false friends during his times of richness, and much fewer but real friends when he has become poor. The poem has been written in five stanzas of four lines each and follows a different rhyme scheme for each stanza-

Stanza 1 – a a b a, Stanza 2 – c a d a,

Stanza 3 – e f g f, Stanza 4 – h i j i,

Stanza 5 – a k a k. 

The poet has beautified the poem by employing numerous figures of speech such as Alliteration, Antithesis, Consonance, Exclamation, Inversion, Onomatopoeia, Metaphor, Metonymy, Simile, and Repetition. An example of Onomatopoeia from the poem is “And how their wives do hum like bees” where the word ‘hum’ denotes the sound made by the wives as they constantly talk about their husbands working from morning till night. Among the special features of the poem, imagery and enjambment are more prominent. The use of imagery can be seen in the phrases “came knocking all day at my door”, “…a child that holds a trumpet that he must not blow”, “…and seen how poor men’s hearts are light”, “wives hum like bees”, “hear poor ones laugh”, “see rich ones coldly frown”, “go up” and “come down”. Each line of the poem runs into the next line, thus making enjambment a key feature of the poem. The poet follows a simple, narrative style to convey his thoughts. Through this poem, the poet is trying to spread the message that wealth is not required to be truly happy. In fact, happiness lies in having genuine people in life, which makes the poor man truly wealthy; as he might not have monetary wealth or a lot of people in his life, but the ones he does have are true to him, thus making him wealthy in the true sense. In my opinion, the poem aptly describes the allure of money, which often draws a lot of fake people in one’s life. It is only when one is poor does one realize the meaning of true happiness, because that is when one finds out who actually are his/her real friends.

1.Visit a library and read a few poems written by William H. Davies.

SOLUTION

Do it yourself.

2.There are many career opportunities related to finance and planning. Try to get information about the following careers by surfing the internet.

1. Finance Management
2. Banking and Finance
3. Actuaries
4. Economics
5. Share Market
6. Accountancy
7. Company Secretary

SOLUTION

The students can add the following information to their findings regarding careers in finance and planning:

1. Finance Management:
   It means planning, organizing, directing and controlling the financial activities such as procurement and utilization of funds of the enterprise. One can become a finance manager, a finance analyst, an investor relations associate, a budget analyst, an actuary, etc.
2. Banking and Finance:
   It is a field with the study of financial services that includes lending money, collection of deposits, issue of currencies and debit cards, and transaction processing, and the study of investments. Finance can also be defined as the science of money management. One can choose to be an accounts officer, a sales manager, a credit manager, a credit risk specialist, a business analyst, etc.
3. Actuaries:
   Actuaries are experts in risk management. They use their mathematical skills to measure the probability and risk of future events and to predict their financial impact on a business and its clients. Actuaries can be consultants, pricing managers, rick managers for various investment and insurance companies.
4. Economics:
   It is the study of how society uses its limited resources. It is a social science that deals with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The career opportunities in this field are economists, data analysts, finance consultants, financial planners, economic researchers, etc.
5. Share Market:
   It is a place, real or virtual, where shares of pubic listed companies are traded. A share market facilitates stock brokers to trade company stocks and other securities. The opportunities available are stockbroker, financial advisor, research analyst, portfolio manager, etc.
6. Accountancy:
   It is the practice of recording, classifying and reporting on business transactions for a business. It provides feedback to management regarding the financial results and status of an organization. One can be an accounting clerk, accounting information specialist, actuarial accountant, bookkeeper, budget analyst, capital accountant, etc.
7. Company Secretary:
   A company secretary is responsible for the efficient administration of a company, particularly with regard to ensuring compliance with statutory and regulatory requirements. He /She also ensures that decisions of the board of directors are implemented. One can be the assistant to a company’s board of directors, company registrar, legal advisor, corporate policymaker, chief administrative officer, principal secretary, etc.

3.Economics is a very important subject in which you can pursue your career. Browse the websites of these institutions and get information for various courses in Economics.

1. Delhi School of Economics
2. Indian Statistical Institute
3. Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, Pune
4. Madras School of Economics

SOLUTION

The students can use the following guidelines in carrying out this activity.

1. Delhi School of Economics:
   It offers M.A., M. Phil. and Ph.D. in Economics. Department of Commerce, which is also situated there, offers M. Com., M. Phil., Ph.D., MBA in International Business and MBA in Human Resources.
2. Indian Statistical Institute:
   Bachelor (Hons.) in Statistics and M.S. in Quantitative Economics
3. Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, Pune:
   This institute conducts M.Sc. courses in the fields of Economics, Financial Economics, International Business Economics, Agri-Business Economics, and Finance. It also offers a B.Sc. in Economics and Ph.D. courses.
4. Madras School of Economics:
   It offers M.A. in General Economics, MA in Financial Economics, M.A. in Actuarial Economics, M.A. in Environmental Economics.

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